Comparing The Characters Of Richard III, Merchant Of...

Richard III, Merchant of Venice, and Titus Andronicus are three plays that each fall into a different genre of play written by Shakespeare. Richard III and Titus Andronicus are visibly more dramatic and intense in comparison to the darker comedy Merchant of Venice. Nonetheless, all of these plays feature villains who easily steal the attention due to their, mostly, egregious actions. To properly define and explain the varying levels of their villainy there are two terms that can attempt to categorize these villains, these are Vice-Like figures and Machiavels. A vice-like figure is a villain who is evil for the sole purpose of being evil, there are no rational motives behind their evil. On the other hand, a Machiavel has a goal in his evil,†¦show more content†¦His physical deformity is only ever mentioned in relation to add more depth to his villainy, meaning that his deformity is caused by his evil ways not that his deformity is the reason behind his evil ways. Moreover, th e way Richard manipulates almost everyone in the play to get what he wants makes it easy to forget his physical deformity when reading. His ability to manipulate the other characters is what makes Richard’s actions almost excusable and endlessly entertaining to read. Richard’s shrewdness is perfectly demonstrated in his exchange with Lady Anne at her husband’s funeral. Richard is able to persuade her to marry him during the funeral of her husband, who Richard happened to murder. He even admits that the only motives he has to marry her are for his own personal gain to get closer to the crown: â€Å"The readiest way to make the wench amends / Is to become her husband and her father; / The which will I, not all so much for love / As for another secret close intent.† (1.1.157-159). Throughout the play the only motivation behind Richard’s evil is his quest to become king. His motivations, though, are not enough to keep him from Machiavellian villain cat egory because the driving force behind his evil is rooted in egoistic gain. During the play none

The Louisiana Purchase free essay sample

Also tensions were high with France, who was seemed to be constantly at AR. Jefferson purchased Louisiana to keep France from acquiring any territory in the US. The people of Louisiana were described as gentle, amiable people. They were easy going and relatively free people and one of the few places that has almost as many colored people as white. Perhaps the most relative of events during this time was not so much the purchase of Louisiana, but how to govern them. Louisiana was a French territory, so English was rarely spoken there. This was a problem because the lingua franca of the IIS was in fact English and there was quite a bit of introverts over how they could be expected to follow rules of and support a government they literally could not understand. It was argued that the other states were part of an agreement or partnership to attain life, liberty and the other fruits of being free men and were treated equally, but Louisiana was not. It was a purchased territory that had not agreed to nor did they ask to be a part of the United States.Another argument was Article 3 of the Treaty Ceding Louisiana, October 30, 1 803 where it states that the inhabitants of the ceded territory shall be incorporated in the union of the United States and admitted as soon as possible, according to the principles of the Federal Constitution, to the enjoyment of all the rights, advantages, and immunities, of the citizens of the united states; and, in the mean time they shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty, property, and the religion which they profess.When it came time to make good on these words, there were several issues to consider. Congressman Roger Griswold argued the above mentioned point that Louisiana was not a partner, but a piece of territory purchased. That the people were being unfairly forced to join a country they did not ask for, which was in direct contradiction to the constitution. Congressman Samuel Lethal disagreed by stating that if the people did not want to be a part of the US, no one was forcing them to. They could leave if they wanted, that simply purchasing the territory did not force American citizenship among them.It was also argued that considering the people did not understand the language their government was in, as well as their current lack of a decent educational system; they were not fit to govern themselves. It was recommended that a governor and various other political bodies be put into place by the president until the territory was adjusted enough and fit to elect their own members. This was also argued to be unconstitutional because it was each states right to govern themselves. Jefferson made the executive decision and made offers to several people to step up and help get Louisiana on their feet, but many of them declined.This was also discouraging to Louisianan, who trusted the US government to care for them and make appropriate decisio ns to get them on their feet. There ere also concerns with slaves entering in Louisiana. It was argued that slaves were a necessity because white men couldnt cultivate the land in Louisiana, to which Mr.. John smith pointed out that he had traveled the land there and white men could cultivate it just fine and that doing so would be better for the territory so as not to have another SST Dominion disaster. . Source 1: seems fair to me. Like a pretty good general guideline for newly acquired states. It guarantees them the basics of the many freedoms of the country until all the details are worked out. Feels like a good blanket. Source 3: things seem good. The report is good. Morale is high, people are calm and it is time for celebrating, being part of the US adds to that. Sad that people are seemingly ignorant. Dude is concerned that when the thrill of being a US citizen wears off, the people will be frustrated.Collarbone wishes to share government but is worried the people wont understand it Source 6: love this. Talking about how they are too ignorant to govern themselves, whether or not to allow slaves, who can cultivate the land, whether the acquisition is Tyrannical, talk Of how to establish a government Source 9: More talk of establishing government appropriately, seems like the same arguments (super important, but redundant) What I like most about this section is the forward thinking of breaking the cycle of ignorance by the proposal to establish and education system.Children are the future and need to be educated so that they can truly enjoy the fruits of their country Source 12: tells of the many hours and long discussions to set up the governme nt in the best interest of the people. Addresses issues put forth by petitioners, repealing the act of splitting up LA, that the President elect a Vernon and other officials (all of whom reside there) and that they speak both English and French, that all government records be also kept in both languages, to allow slavery and to have general peace and equality 3. It seems that Americans, above all else, want to be treated with respect and equality. That the things written in the constitution be honored. That is should be comprehensible to all that are protected under it. The president was put in charge of setting the Government officials because of the circumstances. People were not only uneducated at the time that Louisiana was purchased, UT also did not speak the same language as the other states.Because of these circumstances, it was necessary for the leader of their new country to step forward and act for them on behalf of their rights as citizens. The Louisiana Purchase paved the way for how to deal with newly acquired territories under the same circumstances. Previously owned or governed by a foreign country, where American customs and languages are foreign. Where people may not be educated enough or understand how to run their own government. It taught us how to handle such matters, and weve repeated the same basic process since.

Underachievers Essays (1911 words) - Education,

Underachievers This paper adresses the issue of how a negative self concept can effect achievement of gifted students. it specifically focuses on the effect of acedemic achievement, discusses what it means to be both an underachiever and have a negative self concept, how to identify these students and what family and teachers can do about this. PAPER Many academically gifted children underachieve in school classrooms as a result of the fact that they do not know how to achieve higher a or they feel they cannot achieve a task that they are expected to be able to but find it too difficult. Underachievement is a pervasive problem which results in a tremendous waste of human potential among our most able students. In fact, in 1972 the U.S. Commissioner of Education estimated that 17.6% of gifted ( both academically and non-academically) students drop out of high school, and that percentage is probably even higher today. (Schnieder, 1997) and to add a New Zealand perspective, Moltzen (in McAlpine and Moltzen, 1996) suggest that 10-20% of students who do not graduate are gifted. These students hold a negative self concept of themselves as they have not received the support necessary to be able to work and achieve at their own level. There are many different contributing factors to the establishing of self concepts and how they effect gifted children. . This paper addresses how gifted children form negative self concepts of themselves and how can effect their achievement in an academic school setting. First it is necessary to provide the background knowledge and the definitions on areas that are to be discussed. For the purpose of this paper the definition of self concept is a persons view of self, in relation to their perception of feed back from others. This view occurs in both academic and non-academic areas. (Fox, 1993 in Rawlinson, 1996) To specifically focus on the academic area of self concepts which is being addressed in this paper , an academic self concept is a relatively stable set of attitudes and feelings reflecting self evaluation of ones ability to successfully perform basic school related tasks such as reading, writing, spelling and maths. (Boersma & Chapman,1992 in Rawlinson, 1996) Self concepts tend to be domain specific, meaning that pupils have different self concepts towards different areas of the curriculum (Schunk,1990) but to avoid complications throughout this paper all academic subjects will all be inclusive with each other. The definition of underchievement is not as straight forward as that of self concept as many people have different ideas on what it means to underachieve. Wellington and Wellington (1965) suggest that under achievers have a low level of aspiration. In its simplest form it can be defined as a unfulfilled potential (Moltzen in McAlpine and Moltzen, 1996) but neither of these definitions provide much capture the essence of underachievement in gifted children as they do not provide enough detail as to the difference between what they are achieving and what they could achieve. The definition of the purpose of this assignment is provided by Davis and Rimm( 1994 in Moltzen, 1996) who define underachievment as a discrepancy between the childs school performance and some index of his or her actual ability such as intelligence, achievement, or creativity score or observational data. Because a gifted student underachieves it does not mean that they are failing in the school system. Gifted students are generally capable of performing at least two levels ahead of their age peers. If they are not identified as being gifted, they are seldom challenged to perform in accord with their potential. In fact, these capable students may be considered underachievers even when they get ?good? grades.( Schneider, 1997) All children are natural learners and begin life with a drive to acquire knowledge, understand it and make use of it according to their abilities. Children do not begin school with the intention of seeking failure or frustrating their teachers. (Schnieder, 1997) And gifted children definitely do not go out to seek failure. How pupils use this newly found information that they have learnt and how teachers react to how they use this information or how well they achieve, contributes to the forming of self concepts. An individuals self concept is formed as a result of interactions and experiences with others and is learned and acquired over time. (Rawlinson, 1996) In reinforcement to the idea that self concepts are learned, Scheirer & Kraut (1979) suggest with specific reference to academia that a self concept is a product of interactive outcomes with ones academic environment

How to Get a Corrected Social Security Card

How to Get a Corrected Social Security Card By law, your Social Security card must show your current legal name. If you legally change your name because of marriage, divorce, court order or any other legal reason, you must inform Social Security as soon as possible so they can issue you a corrected Social Security card. Fast Facts Federal law requires that Social Security cards display the cardholder’s current and correct legal name.In the event of a name change resulting from marriage, divorce, court order or any other legal reason, the cardholder must notify the Social Security Administration as soon as possible and apply for a corrected Social Security card.Applications for a corrected Social Security card cannot be submitted online. Applications may only be submitted at a Social Security field office or by conventional mail.There is no charge connected with applying for a corrected Social Security card. Failure to inform Social Security of your name change could cost you money by delaying your tax refunds and preventing your wages from being added to your Social Security account record, which could reduce your future Social Security benefits. There is no charge for getting a corrected Social Security card, however, because of the documentation you  must provide, you cannot apply for one online. Apply To get a corrected Social Security card, you need to: Download and print out a Form SS-5 – Application for Social Security Card.Fill out the application and assemble the required proof of identity documents (see below).Take or mail the application and all required documents to your local Social Security office. Documents Serving as Proof of a Legal Name Change You will need proof of your current legal name. In some cases, you may also need to show proof of your current U.S. citizenship or legal permanent resident (green card) status. Documents Social Security will accept as proof of a legal name change include original or certified copies of: Marriage licenses;Divorce decrees;Certificates of naturalization showing a new name; orCourt orders for a name change. Note: All documents submitted must be either originals or copies certified by the agency issuing them. Social Security will not accept photocopies or notarized copies of documents. A â€Å"certified† copy of a document will typically have a raised, embossed, impressed, or multicolored seal placed on the document by the issuing agency. Some agencies will offer a choice of certified or non-certified copies and may charge an extra fee for certified copies. When needed for Social Security purposes, always request a certified copy. If Your Documents Are Too Old It is important that you notify Social Security of your name change as soon as possible. If you legally changed your name more than two years before applying for a corrected Social Security card, or if the documents you provide do not give enough information to fully identify you, you may also be required to provide two additional identifying documents including: At least one document showing your old name; andA second document with your new legal name. Proof of Citizenship If Social Security tells you that you need to prove your status as a U.S. citizen, they will accept only an original or certified copy of your U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport. Foreign-born citizens, including naturalized citizens and immigrants with legal permanent resident status, may be allowed to use: Certificate of NaturalizationCertificate of CitizenshipCertificate of Report of BirthConsular Report of Birth Abroad Proving Your Identity If you do need to provide Social Security with further proof of your identity, they will accept only current documents showing your current legal name, date of birth or age, and a recent photograph. Examples of such documents include: U.S. drivers license;State-issued identification card; orU.S. passport. If you do not have any of those documents, Social Security might accept other documents, such as: Employee identification card;School identification card;Health insurance card (other than a Medicare card); orU.S. military identification card. Your Number Will Not Change Your corrected Social Security card – which will be mailed to you will have the same Social Security number as your old card but will show your new name. Protect Your Social Security Number Speaking of Social Security numbers, they are the main thing identity thieves need to rob you blind. As result, Social Security has long advised that it is rarely necessary to show anybody your Social Security card. â€Å"Do not carry your card with you. Keep it in a safe place with your other important papers,† advises the Social Security Administration.

American Hospital Assciation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Hospital Assciation - Research Paper Example lth of individuals and the community as a whole and hence lends support to hospitals and health care systems that work for the betterment of community health. The organization which initially began as an association for hospital superintendents and addressed the concerns of hospital administrators later on provided membership access to executive officers, associates and institutions. These inclusions resulted in a change of the organization’s goal from simple interchange of ideas related to hospital management and economics to promoting efficient economic and hospital management. With the inclusion of institutional membership the objective was later extended to promote the health and welfare of the community at large, along with appropriate management of hospitals and dispensaries and to obtain the support and cooperation of hospitals and health care systems which had similar goals as the AHA. With these new objectives in place, the institution called for the development of outpatient services with emphasis on education and research. The revised mission in 1987 stressed on efficient leadership in public policies, advocacy and other services. Through its advocacy in courts and halls of the Congress the AHA has become the voice of hospitals and health care systems across the country. AHA is strongly advocating for the legal issues associated with healthcare and is laying emphasis on quality and accreditation of health care units keeping in mind the final goal of providing good quality health care to people. The achievements of the organization reflect its dual role in improving both hospital organization and public health. The AHA helped the establishment of the Blue cross and funding for the Commission on Hospital Care which in turn lead to the formation of the Hill-Burton programme. It also laid the foundation for the Medicare legislation which resulted in better access to healthcare facilities for the elderly. The AHA also established the House of Delegates

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 120

Summary - Essay Example The first step to financial freedom is developing specific financial goals that appreciate the difference between needs and wants; saving extensively and investing in ventures which assure financial security in future. One must clearly understand the difference between assets and liabilities i.e. assets bring in money while inabilities take out. Step number three is investing; after saving enough then train your money to go out, work and bring more for you. Taking up a life or long term disability policy especially to cover the bread winner is important in the financial security of a family. It is a safety tool that can get you out of some unexpected events and huge debts. Understanding taxes and fees is crucial as it helps one save on taxes and also on investment fees. Lastly is ensuring regular reevaluation and revision of the plan as financial decisions are usually dynamic and strategies must change with time. In conclusion therefore a secure financial future requires that we take timely and sound financial decisions such as setting specific & precise financial goals, understanding our assets and liabilities, knowing how taxes and fees work, and investing strategically. Regular reviews of the financial plan helps make priority changes that align the goals to ones current life position. It is thus extremely to track and monitor our financial goals for

Third World Debt Resolutions Essay Example for Free

Third World Debt Resolutions Essay [1]One fact is undeniable: Someone is going to have to pay for past debts. It could be the people in debtor countries, or the banks, or the people in advanced industrial countries. Most likely it will be some combination of these three groups. In the last ten years, there have been a variety of proposals which, unfortunately, usually reflect only the special interests of the groups proposing them. Generally speaking, these solutions fall into three categories: repudiation, minor adjustments in repayments, or reduction. Debt repudiation, in the sense of a unilateral cessation of repayment, occurred in a number of countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru.With the exception of the Peruvian cessation, however, most of these actions have been taken with assurances that the stoppages were only temporary. Peru announced that it was unilaterally limiting its debt repayments to a percentage of its export earnings; and since Peru took this action, other nations have indicated that they will act similarly. There have been no serious proposals for a widespread and coordinated repudiation of global debt. The economist Jeffrey Sachs offers several reasons for this absence of a general repudiation.First, debt repudiation is a dramatic and abrupt act. Most nations would prefer to defer such decisions as long as there are advantages to muddling through, and growth prospects are sufficiently ambiguous to make this muddling a viable course. Second, debtor countries fear retaliation from commercial banks. If the banks were to cut off nondebt related activities, such as trade credits, the situation could be made even worse. Third, the debtor countries fear retaliation from creditor governments and multilateral lending agencies. Grants from development banks could be affected, and trade relations would probably be seriously disrupted. Finally, the leaders of most of the debtor countries have interests in maintaining good relations with the richer countries, and repudiation would jeopardize these interests. Repudiation would also seriously disrupt global economic relations, probably far beyond the immediate losses of the debts themselves. Retaliations would follow, because it would be politically impossible for lenders not to react, and because there would be a conscious effort to warn other potential defaulters against similar action. The escalation of economic warfare would have the effect of sharply reducing international economic interactions in trade, investment, and exchange. Such an outcome is in no ones interest. The vast bulk of activity since 1982 has involved adjusting the timing and method of repayment. The number of specific proposals is bewildering.One can read about debt-equity swaps, in which businesses or properties in the debtor country are purchased at a discount by the banks as partial repayment; debt-for-debt swaps, where bonds are offered as discounted repayments; exit bonds, which are long-term bonds tendered essentially as take-it-or-leave-it offers to creditors who have no interest in investing any further and wish to cut their losses; or cash buy-backs, where the debtor country simply buys back its loan at a deep discount. Some of these proposals, notably the debt-for-nature swaps, where the debtor country promises to protect the environment in return for purchases of the debt by outside groups, are creative and could have important effects. This array of proposals is referred to as a menu approach to debt repayment, and its logic is superficially sound. It was the logic of the plan offered by Secretary of the Treasury James Baker in 1985. By providing a number of different options, repayments can be tailored to the specific circumstances of a country, thereby easing the burden. Critical to the success of the menu approach is the assumption that countries will grow out of their debt. Yet, the evidence suggests that this assumption is not entirely sound. This approach further assumes the repayment of debts on terms that are essentially dictated by the creditors. No lender is obligated to accept any one of these possibilities. Moreover, the opportunities for swaps and buy backs are limited: there are, after all, a relatively small number of investment opportunities in poorer countries, and the debt crisis itself has further limited those possibilities. Finally, some of these swaps can actually increase the drain on the capital of a country, particularly if profit remittances on successful investments turn out to be very high. The final proposals have to do with debt reduction, and these only became a real possibility in the spring of 1989 with the announcement of a new plan, dubbed the Brady Plan, after U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas Brady. The plan originally called for a total reduction of about 20 percent of global debt, with the IMF and the World Bank offering guarantees for the repayment of the other 80 percent of the debt.Since 1989, Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, Morocco, the Philippines, and Venezuela have reached agreements concerning their debts under the auspices of the Brady proposal. This approach recognizes that many of the menu approaches were, in fact, schemes for debt reduction on a case-by-case basis. This formal recognition of the need for systematic debt reduction is a hopeful sign, but the plan clearly does not go far enough. In market terms, developing-country debt is already selling on the secondary market at about thirty-five cents to the dollar. In other words, debt reduction has already occurred in the marketplace, and any plan that incorporates reductions must take this into account. There are some serious problems with debt reduction. Debt reduction could reduce the incentive for debtor nations to make economic changes that could lead to greater efficiency. Or, it could set a precedent that would have the effect of reducing, or even eliminating, the possibility for any future bank lending for economic development projects. Finally, debt reduction could have the effect of saddling public lending agencies, like the World Bank, with enormous burdens, thereby vitiating their future effectiveness. These concerns are genuine. Counterposed to these possibilities, however, is the stark reality of hundreds of millions of people living in desperate conditions with no hope of relief in the near- or medium-term future. Any plan for easing the debt burden, therefore, must try to incorporate a number of legitimate, but competing, concerns of varying importance. First, the repayment of the debt itself has ceased to be the central concern. Private banks obviously have an interest in the repayment of the debt and, to the extent possible, these interests must be accommodated. But the security of the international banking system is no longer at risk, and that, as a legitimate public concern, can no longer dictate possible necessary actions. The central concerns now are the reestablishment of economic growth in the heavily indebted countries, the effective and meaningful distribution of that growth into all sectors of their societies, and their reintegration into the international economic system. Only after sustained economic growth returns to the heavily indebted countries can the international community even begin to determine manageable rates and methods of debt repayment. Second, the International Monetary Fund must fundamentally reassess its policies. Programs of structural adjustment may be appropriate for the original purpose of the IMF-to assist nations having temporary difficulties in maintaining currency values because of transient balance-of-payments difficulties. But these programs are profoundly counterproductive in current circumstances and, indeed, are guided by a wildly inappropriate perspective. The inflows of capital to the IMF from the heavily indebted countries were more than a gross embarrassment; they were conclusive evidence of the IMFs misunderstanding of the causes of the debt crisis. The IMF should shift its perspective to more creative or appropriate ways of stabilizing or depressing interest rates rather than raising them, or ways to prevent capital flight from developing countries, or any number of issues that concern the specific conditions of economic growth. The mechanical application of a model of economic growth is wrongh eaded. Third, the resolution of the debt crisis depends upon a clear recognition that much of the debt, as formally constituted, will not, because it cannot, be repaid. Some countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa, ought not to repay their debts. Other countries, particularly the heavily indebted ones, can pay something on their debts, and perhaps the appropriate percentage is about half. Viewed in this light, the real question becomes one of allocating the costs of this nonpayment of debts. The current emphasis of forcing the poor to pay with broken lives and broken spirits is demeaning to both rich and poor, and ill-serves the long-term interests of rich as well as poor. Finally, there are genuine issues of responsibility that deserve to be made explicit. The debt crisis is only a symptom of an international economic system that tolerates growing and abysmal poverty as a normal condition. This need not, and should not, be the case. The developed countries have a responsibility to create conditions whereby the poorer countries can interact more productively in international economic activities: their single most important contribution to this end might be in the area of reducing trade restrictions on the products of poorer countries. Similarly, the developing countries have a responsibility to see that money is more effectively utilized within their own borders. The obscene personal profits accumulated by such leaders as Marcos of the Philippines and Mobutu of Zaire should not be fostered by the strategic interests of other countries. The banks should also face up to the fact that their single-minded pursuit of profits almost led them to the brink of bankruptcy. The lesson to be learned from this experience is that for economic growth to be sustained, close attention must be paid to the mutual interests of all parties involved. [1]Ferraro, V and Rosser, M (1994) , World Security: Challenges for a New Century, (New York: St. Martins Press)